Jordan

Edit 47 …

Basic requirements


Steps to writing a research essay

1. Choose a topic (Oct 4)


  • What are the effects of over using plastic product?


2. Post a working outline (2%) Oct 5

Thesis
There are three main effects about using plastic product which are pollute the ocean, poisoning the animal, and hard to recycle.

body paragraph
Main point 1: using plastic will cause seriously pollution.
Supporting detail
  1. The pollution to ocean (last name, year; last name, year)
  2. The pollution to land
  3. The pollution to air
Main point 2: using plastic will jeopardize the animal and human's life.
Supporting detail
  1. The plastic cannot be digested in animal or human's body
  2. The micro-animal can digest the plastic into nurdle, but it keep the poison in their body. The predator will get the toxic nurdle.
  3. Human can be poison by plastic's chemical molecule by using plastic product
Main point 3: Plastic is not recyclable resource
Supporting detail
  1. Decomposition of plastic
  2. cannot recycle but reproduce
  3. non-renewable

3. Find keywords (1%) Oct 5

  • List 15 keywords to prepare for your research
Oceans, predator, nurdle, recycle, pollution, plastic bottles, sea bird, fish, human, digest system, poison, blood curriculum, burn, factory,

4. Find and evaluate 2-3 web sources (3%) Oct 9


Bowermaster, J. (2012, June 13). Ocean 101. In save my ocean. Retrieved
October 8, 2012, from http://www.savemyoceans.com/plastics.php
  • authority-Bowermaster is a very famous scholar.
  • accuracy-the accuracy of this source may not be very accurate because the organization's main purpose is to change the world, however, I still find out that the book writer is very famous at ocean study. This wed source can be accurate.
  • objectivity-The web source is objective telling us the fact what happening in the ocean. It may be a little bias to the environment protection.
  • currency-This source is just built up a few months ago
  • coverage-This information related to my point that the pollution plastic cause on marine animal and ocean. I am going to use it as supporting detail. I also find out my main point though out this article.

McNamee, G. (2008, December 8). Making the Wild Safe for Wildlife. In Plastic
Bag and Animal. Retrieved October 8, 2012, from
http://advocacy.britannica.com/blog/advocacy/2008/12/plastic-bags-and-animals-making-the-wild-safe-for-wildlife/
  • authority-Gregory McNamee is a writer, journalist, editor, photographer, and publisher.
  • accuracy-This web resource is totally about animal protection with great writer and editor.
  • objectivity-This web source may be leaning to animals' life, however, the fact wrote in that page is reality.
  • currency-This resource is form 2008 which in past five years from now.
  • coverage-This information is relate to the plastic pollution toward animal. It give a lot supporting detail in my animal part.

lifestyle lounge. (2012). Disadvantages Of Plastic Bags. In lifestyle
lounge. Retrieved October 9, 2012, from
http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/disadvantages-of-plastic-bags-5207.html
  • authority-This author may be a group which provide information of a lot of things.
  • accuracy-The accuracy of this website may not be too accurate to support, because the group is give any kinds of information. Still, I find out the i
  • objectivity-The aspect of this web source is based on what is good for human, because the goal of this web resource is to change people's life style.
  • currency-This resource is just posted on website
  • coverage-This resource relate to most of main point and some supporting detail.

5. Find 2 academic sources from Google Scholar (2%) Oct 10


Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta. "Survey on the usage of plastic bags, their disposal and adverse impacts on environment: A case study inJimma City, Southwestern Ethiopia." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences 3(8) Aug. (2011): 234-38. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.academicjournals.org/JTEHS>.

Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem. "The need for reducing plastic shopping bag use and disposal in Africa." African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 3.3 Mar. (2008): 10 pars. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. <http://www.academicjournals.org/AJest>

I am going to use the research journals as my supporting detail to support my point. I will also provide the background of my research paper and use objective idea from the journals I find.
http://www.academicjournals.org/search.htm

6. Revise your outline (2%) Oct 12

Thesis
There are three main effects about using plastic product which are pollute the ocean, poisoning the animal, and hard to recycle.

body paragraph
Main point 1: using plastic will cause seriously pollution.
Supporting detail
  1. The pollution to ocean (Bowermaster, J. 2012; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  2. The pollution to land(Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  3. The pollution to air(lifestyle lounge,2012; Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
Main point 2: using plastic will jeopardize the animal and human's life.
Supporting detail
  1. The plastic cannot be digested in animal or human's body(lifestyle lounge,2012; Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  2. Plastic is a perfect material for disease to spread(Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  3. Human can be poison by plastic's chemical molecule by using plastic product(Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
Main point 3: Plastic is not recyclable resource
Supporting detail
  1. Decomposition of plastic(lifestyle lounge,2012; Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  2. cannot recycle but reproduce(Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)
  3. non-renewable(lifestyle lounge,2012; Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008; Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)


7. Write and edit your draft (90%) Oct 15-19

There are a lot of great inventions in 20th contrary which include light, cars, telephone, and fax. However, the most useful and common invention should be plastic. Now plastic is all over everybody’s daily life. In supermarket, everyone use plastic bag; every bottle of water, Pepsi, juice are using plastic as container. Plastic is inseparable from every hospital, office, or even in military life. People are addicted to plastic without knowing the dangers. Environmentalists estimate that approximately 500 billion and 1 trillion plastic bags are used in the world annually. (Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008) These plastic bags usually cannot recycle properly and also waste a lot of fossil resource. In addition, plastic bags are only a part of plastic product. There are more kinds of plastic products which has same amounts and quality are produced and throw away. The world has to focus on the effects of using plastic now. In general, there are three main effects of using plastic products which are plastic pollution, human and animal’s life jeopardizing, non-recyclable.




Using plastic product will cause serious pollution which will pollute ocean, land, and air. First of all, ocean is one of the most polluted areas that plastic causes to, because a lot of plastic garbage is dumped into ocean. This plastic garbage creates 46,000 pieces of plastic per square mile, and in this estimation, it does not include nurdle which I will explain later. (Bowermaster, J. 2012)While plastic garbage is dumped into ocean, the ocean current will bring these different kinds of garbage keep circling in ocean. The plastic garbage will end up on beach or follow the ocean current to the center of the ocean.(Bowermaster, J. 2012) Most of the small piece plastic garbage will be synthesis by sunlight which turns into nurdle that can be defined as basic parts of the plastic. Each different kinds of plastic product are coming from nurdle which looks like a very small white spot. When a plastic product breaks into nurdle, it is unable to detect on the sea. Therefore, people believe that plastic can be synthesized on sea and keep dumping plastic garbage in ocean.(Bowermaster, J. 2012)However, though nurdle may not be detected by human eye, it creates a lot of danger. Nurdle can be eaten by any type of fish or sea bird, even the sea birds are just drinking some water will also get nurdle into their body. These animals may be fine for a while, but once the nurdle has built up in certain level, they die. With more and more nurdle and plastic garbage going into the sea, some day people will call our ocean “plasea”.

Secondly, land is also a serious polluted area. Dumping plastic garbage on landfill or somewhere else will make the land lose its productivity. While the plastic garbage are buried, the plastic will block the nutrition and water from the plants. The data shows, the productivity of America agriculture has decreased by 10 percent because of the plastic bags.(Adane,Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)Thirdly, the plastic garbage will affect air as well, because the pressure of the land and ocean. A lot of plastic garbage is burned because there is no more space to contain or recycle. This way is more efficient and the ash of plastic can be total synthesize. However, people are not noticing the gas of plastic is toxic and contain a lot different kinds of green house gas. This gas not only jeopardizes our environment, but also jeopardizes our health such as respiratory health problems.(lifestyle lounge,2012)This kind of toxic gas can also easily melt into soil or water as well which can poison the plant and the animal. (Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011; Boadi and Kuitunen,2005; Rayne, 2008). In a word, plastic can make considerable pollution upon our ocean, land, and air.

The plastic product will also jeopardize human and animal's life, because plastic can neither be digested in animal nor human, it can cause disease spread, and plastic toxic chemical compound can poison human. Firstly, Animal and human's digestion are not enough for plastic; if animal eat some plastic products such as plastic bag, the plastic bag will stuck in its stomach and block the digestion. Eventually, the animal will "starve" to death.(Adane,Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011) In august 2008, a crocodile suddenly died with no prediction in Australia. The animal specialists could not find what causes this crocodile die until they open it up; they find 25 plastic bags are found in its stomach. This crocodile must eat the garbage tourists left accumulated in its body, and dead.(lifestyle lounge,2012) Plastic will block animal's stomach and make the animal dose not feel hunger. Eventually, the animal dead because of its fasting. As second, Plastic product can also cause disease spread by clogging sewerage lines (or drains) or containing dirty water. The clogging sewerage lines or any plastic garbage can create a perfect environment for insect or virus to reproduce.(Adane,Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011) For example, mosquitoes can easily make their home in the dirty water,and dumped plastic bags and blocked sewerage lines can be a very good dirty water container. Therefore, a lot of mosquitoes will be reproduced, and these mosquitoes can carry some very awful diseases such asdengue, malaria, yellow fever and several forms of encephalitis (Boadi and Kuitunen, 2005; Rayne, 2008)(Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011). These diseases can be the source of a scourge which can cause serious death and illness. At last, Plastic toxic chemical compound can slowly jeopardize people's health. Almost all plastic products have certain amount of chemical compound which can poison human's blood circular system. For instance, the plastic bag bury under ground can pollute the source of our drinking water by using its poison chemical compound. (Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011) For another example, our bottle water has over 98 percent have plastic chemical compound. Though the water bottle company explains these chemical compound are not toxic toward human, scientists still find out that these chemical can change human's gene and cause some unpredictable diseases. (Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011) All in all, Plastic product can be bad for human and animal's life because of its non-digestible, disease-friendly, and poison toward human.


Plastic is not recyclable resource, because plastic cannot decompose in nature, cannot recycle, and non-renewable. At first, Plastic is not able to decompose in nature. The unique poly-molecule model makes it unable to broke by nature force which includes sunlit, water, temperature, or microorganism.(Rayne, Sierra, and P Chem, 2008) A plastic bag can take more than a thousend year to be decomposed.(Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)On this rate of synthesis, we cannot see our land but plastic a hundred year later. Secondly, Plastic cannot be recycled but reproduced. A lot of plastic products say it can be recycled. However, they can only recycle once and reproduce to non-recyclable plastic product.(lifestyle lounge,2012)Here is a very important fact about our bottle water. The water company says the water bottle is recyclable; nonetheless, the water bottle can only be reproduced to something such as plastic chair, plastic furniture, or some plastic parts in certain product which cannot be recycled again.(Adane, Legesse, and Diriba Muleta, 2011)In the end, plastic is a non-renewable resource. A lot of product can turn back to their raw material after certain amount of time. For example, the ion product can turn be to ion; paper can be burn and bury as fertilizer to grow new trees. The raw material of plastic is fossil oil. However, plastic cannot turn back to fossil oil.(lifestyle lounge,2012)That means plastic can only diminish but renew. Eventually, plastic will despair and people will go back to the life without plastic. In a word, plastic can neither decompose in nature nor recycle again; even if plastic can be decomposed, it cannot renew to its raw material.




Using plastic can cause unpredictable consequence. Firstly, plastic can cause serious pollution; wherever plastic shows up, there is pollution. If plastic is buried in land, it will block the soil’s nutrition to plant. If plastic is dumped in sea, plastic will break into nurdle and pollute the sea. If plastic is burned up, it will pollute the air. Secondly, plastic can threaten human and animal’s life. Neither human nor animal can digest plastic, even some animal like crocodile. Plastic will also make good home for disease or insect. Keep using plastic product will give us a series health problem such as genetic disease. Finally, plastic is not a recyclable resource. It cannot be decomposed because its complex structure; it cannot recycle but reproduce; plastic is non-renewable which cannot turn back to resource again. From the effects of using plastic, though it is very helpful for our life, everybody should abandon plastic or keep cutting down the usage of plastic.






Commentary (Dayson)

The research has a good main idea. However, the thesis is not so clear because it is not parallel, the effects should all be nouns. In my opinion, it could get better if changed to: “…there are three main effects of using plastic products which are plastic pollution, jeopardizing human and animal’s”. Another thing is that the fact of the plastic is not recyclable is not an effect, but a characteristic of it. Even though the ocean pollution has good supporting details and examples, the other two pollution points are not as supported as the first one. In the end, some references are not correctly placed. It is not possible to which is referencing to which, it is confusing. Some other corrections could be:
- “These plastic bags usually cannot be recycled properly”
- “There are more kinds of plastic products which has same amounts and quality that are produced and throw away.”
- “First of all, ocean is one of the most polluted areas that plastic causes to…affects”
- “Most of the small piece plastic garbage will be synthesized by sunlight…”
- “Each different kinds of plastic product are coming from nurdle which looks like a very small white spot. When a plastic product breaks into nurdle, it is unable to be detected on the sea. Therefore, People still believe that plastic can be synthesized on sea, but keep dumping plastic garbage in ocean. Once nurdle may not be seen, it creates a lot of danger. It can be eaten by any type of fish or sea bird; even if the sea birds just drink the water, it can also get into their body”.



Summary

The research paper is not complete, but Jordan tries to explain that the use of plastic is a risk to the environment. The text talks about plastic pollution in the oceans, soil and in the air. In the ocean, the plastic can be transformed into nurdle, an invisible piece of plastic that suffered some modifications. This nurdle can prejudice the sea, and also can be eaten by any ocean animal which would kill them. The second point is about land pollution which prejudices the soil productivity, blocking nutrients and water of entering the soil. The last point is about how plastic can affect the air. According to the text, people burn plastic because there is no more space on the land for it. This burning releases toxic gases that prejudice people’s health.